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Vietnam

Currency
Vietnamese Dong (VND, ₫)
Languages
Vietnamese (official); English widely spoken in cities and tourist areas
Capital
Hanoi
Timezone
Indochina Time (UTC+7)
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Your guide to calling Vietnam home

Overview
Overview

Vietnam, a dynamic country in Southeast Asia, is celebrated for its stunning landscapes, rich history, and bustling cities. From the ancient charm of Hanoi to the modern hustle of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam offers a vibrant blend of cultural heritage and rapid development. With its world-famous cuisine, warm people, and affordability, Vietnam is a favorite among tourists, expats, and digital nomads alike. Whether exploring the lush Mekong Delta or relaxing on pristine beaches, Vietnam promises an unforgettable experience.

Culture

Vietnam boasts a rich cultural tapestry shaped by centuries of tradition, war, and resilience. Its culture is rooted in Confucian values, emphasizing respect for elders and community harmony. Festivals like Tet (Vietnamese Lunar New Year) and Mid-Autumn Festival reflect the country's deep-seated traditions and love for celebrations. Art forms such as water puppetry, lacquer painting, and folk music are quintessentially Vietnamese. Vietnamese cuisine, renowned worldwide, offers a balance of fresh ingredients, herbs, and bold flavors, with dishes like pho, banh mi, and spring rolls being staples.

Do's and Don’ts

✅ Do greet with a slight bow or nod and use both hands when giving or receiving items.

✅ Do try the local cuisine and learn basic Vietnamese phrases for better interactions.

✅ Do dress modestly when visiting temples and religious sites.

❌ Don’t touch someone’s head or point your feet towards others—it’s considered disrespectful.

❌ Don’t raise your voice in public; maintaining composure is highly valued.

❌ Don’t discuss sensitive topics like the Vietnam War unless the other party initiates it.

Government

Vietnam is a socialist republic with a one-party system led by the Communist Party of Vietnam. The government operates under a centralized structure with the President as the head of state and the Prime Minister as the head of government. Local governance is divided into provinces and municipalities, each with administrative autonomy to address regional needs.

Social media

Social media is widely used in Vietnam, with platforms like Facebook and TikTok being the most popular for communication and entertainment. Zalo, a local messaging app, is also a favorite for daily interactions.

  • Facebook: Widely used for social networking and news.
  • YouTube: A hub for entertainment, education, and music.
  • TikTok: Rapidly growing, especially among younger demographics.
  • Instagram: Popular for lifestyle and photography.
  • Zalo: Essential for local communication and services.

National sport

Football (soccer) is the most popular sport in Vietnam, stirring national pride during regional and international tournaments. Other notable activities include badminton, volleyball, and traditional martial arts like Vovinam, a homegrown discipline emphasizing agility and self-defense.

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4.0
RATING
It’s perfect for digital nomads
Digital nomad friendly
Fairly digital nomad friendly
Challenging for digital nomads
Not ideal for digital nomads

Affordable living, coworking spaces, and a growing expat community in cities like Ho Chi Minh City and Da Nang.

Internet
4.0
RATING

High-speed internet is widely available in urban areas, though rural regions may experience slower speeds.

Cost of living
4.0
RATING

Very affordable compared to many countries, with low costs for accommodation, food, and transport.

Access to basic resources
4.0
RATING

Modern infrastructure and amenities are readily available in cities.

Weather
Hanoi
4:30 est
4.0
RATING

Tropical climate with warm weather year-round, though the rainy season can cause disruptions.

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LGBTQIA+ friendly
3.0
RATING

Growing acceptance in urban centers, but conservative attitudes persist in rural areas.

English proficiency
3.0
RATING

High in urban centers, especially among younger generations and in the tourism industry, but lower in rural areas.

Family friendly
4.0
RATING

Good international schools, affordable childcare, and family-friendly attractions.

Public transport
4.0
RATING

Affordable and widely available in cities, including buses and ride-hailing services. Metro systems under development.

Live
Live

Expat community

Vietnam’s expat community is diverse and thriving, especially in major cities like Ho Chi Minh City, Hanoi, and Da Nang. Ho Chi Minh City is a magnet for professionals and entrepreneurs drawn to its dynamic business environment and bustling lifestyle. Hanoi, the capital, offers a blend of historical charm and modern amenities, attracting diplomats, educators, and cultural enthusiasts. Da Nang, with its coastal beauty and relaxed vibe, is a favorite among retirees and digital nomads.

Expats often connect through international schools, language exchange programs, social clubs, and platforms like Facebook groups, InterNations, and Meetup. Regular networking events and co-working spaces provide opportunities to build professional and personal relationships. Smaller towns like Hoi An appeal to creatives and those seeking a quieter, culturally immersive lifestyle.

Setting up a local bank account

Opening a bank account in Vietnam is essential for managing finances like receiving salaries, paying rent, or handling bills. Here's how to do it:

  1. Choose a bank: Popular banks include Vietcombank, Techcombank, and BIDV. Digital options like Timo offer convenient online services.
  2. Required documents: You’ll typically need a passport, proof of residency (e.g., a lease agreement or utility bill), work permit or visa (some banks may accept a tourist visa, but policies vary).
  3. Process: Visit a bank branch with the required documents, complete an application form and meet with a bank officer. And, for digital banks, you can apply online via their app.
  4. Account activation: Once your account is approved, you’ll receive a debit card and access to online banking services.

Some banks cater specifically to expats and offer English-speaking staff, making the process smoother.

Getting Around

  • Public transport: Vietnam’s cities have affordable and widespread public transport systems. Buses are the primary mode of transportation and are well-connected, with fares as low as $0.30 per ride. Ride-hailing apps like Grab and Gojek are popular for short trips, offering motorbike taxis and cars. Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City are also developing metro systems to ease urban congestion.
  • Buying a vehicle: Expats can purchase motorbikes or cars, with motorbikes being the most common mode of transportation. Requirements includes a passport, proof of residency, and a valid Vietnamese driver’s license. Motorbikes are affordable, costing $300–$1,500 depending on the model, but ensure you have proper registration and insurance.
  • Driver’s License: Foreign driver’s licenses are valid for a limited time but must be converted to a Vietnamese license for long-term stays. This requires a valid foreign license, passport, work permit or visa, translation of the foreign license (notarized)

Driving tests are required for new drivers, while reciprocal agreements may simplify the process for some nationalities.

Medical system

Vietnam’s healthcare system includes public and private services. While public facilities are affordable, expats often prefer private healthcare for better quality and shorter wait times.

  • Public healthcare: Public hospitals are budget-friendly but vary in quality. Urban hospitals in cities like Ho Chi Minh City and Hanoi are better equipped than rural facilities. Crowded conditions and long wait times are common, and language barriers may pose challenges.
  • Private healthcare: Private facilities, such as Vinmec and Family Medical Practice, offer high-quality care with English-speaking staff and modern amenities. Costs range from $50 to $200 per visit, with private insurance recommended to manage expenses.
  • Health insurance: Private health insurance is essential for expats to access quality care and avoid financial strain. Both international and local insurers provide plans covering routine and emergency treatments.

Vietnam’s healthcare system continues to improve, with private options ensuring a comfortable and reliable experience for expatriates.

Work
Work

Visa eligibility

Vietnam offers a range of visa options catering to various professional and personal needs:

  • Digital Nomad Visa: Designed for remote workers, this visa allows for stays of up to one year, with potential renewals. Applicants must demonstrate remote employment, a minimum monthly income of $2,000 USD, or significant savings, alongside proof of health insurance.
  • Work Visa: Granted to individuals with a job offer from a Vietnamese employer. The employer sponsors the visa and must prove the necessity of hiring a foreign worker.
  • Student Visa: For those enrolled in educational institutions in Vietnam. Requires proof of enrollment and financial capacity to support living expenses.
  • Family Reunion Visa: Available to relatives of Vietnamese citizens or permanent residents. Proof of familial relationship and financial stability is necessary.
  • Investor Visa: Issued to individuals investing in Vietnam, typically requiring a minimum investment amount, which varies by sector.

Temporary residence

Temporary residence permits in Vietnam are linked to work, study, or family purposes. These permits are typically issued for one to two years and can be renewed based on the continuation of the stated purpose.

Key benefits:

  • Eligibility to open bank accounts and sign long-term leases.
  • Access to Vietnam’s public healthcare and social services.
  • Freedom to travel within Southeast Asia with visa-exemption agreements.

Permanent residence

Permanent residence in Vietnam is granted under specific conditions, such as:

  • Long-term employment or investment in the country.
  • Marriage to a Vietnamese citizen.
  • Significant contributions to Vietnam’s development.

Key requirements include proof of financial stability, a clean criminal record, and integration into Vietnamese society. Applications are evaluated on a case-by-case basis, with specific criteria for each category.

Digital Nomad Visa

Vietnam's Digital Nomad Visa is tailored for remote workers and freelancers.

Requirements:

  • Proof of monthly income exceeding $2,000 USD or substantial savings.
  • Health insurance valid throughout the stay.
  • Documentation proving remote employment or self-employment.

Application process:

  • Submit at a Vietnamese consulate abroad or immigration offices within Vietnam.
  • Visa validity: Typically one year, with an option for renewal based on meeting the criteria.

Work culture

Vietnamese work culture emphasizes hierarchy, respect, and relationship-building.

  • Relationship building: Personal connections and trust are integral to business dealings, with informal conversations often preceding formal discussions.
  • Hierarchy: Traditional workplaces respect seniority, though younger industries, like tech, adopt more casual approaches.
  • Work-life balance: While overtime is common, there’s a growing appreciation for leisure and family time.
  • Punctuality: Being on time is expected for meetings, although minor delays are usually excused.

Job opportunities for expats

Expats in Vietnam commonly find opportunities in:

  • Teaching: High demand for English teachers in private schools and language centers.
  • IT and tech: Vietnam’s growing tech sector seeks developers, engineers, and data analysts.
  • Hospitality and tourism: Opportunities in hotels, restaurants, and travel agencies.
  • Export and manufacturing: Roles in Vietnam’s robust export-driven economy.

Job-seeking platforms like VietnamWorks, LinkedIn, and Glassdoor are useful, as are local networking events and recruitment agencies.

Freelancing & entrepreneurship

Vietnam offers opportunities for freelancers and entrepreneurs, particularly in tech, tourism, and e-commerce.

Freelancing:

  • Expats need a tax code to invoice clients legally.
  • Digital Nomad Visa holders can freelance without local employer sponsorship.

Starting a Business:

  • Register your business with the Department of Planning and Investment.
  • Obtain a Business Registration Certificate and Tax Identification Number.
  • Popular industries include tech startups, sustainable products, and food services.

Government initiatives, like the Small and Medium Enterprise Support Program, offer guidance and funding for entrepreneurs.

Tax considerations

Vietnam’s tax system applies to residents and non-residents differently, with professional advice recommended for compliance.

  • Income tax: Progressive rates range from 5% to 35% for residents. Non-residents are taxed a flat rate of 20% on Vietnam-sourced income.
  • Social security: Employers and employees contribute to social security, which funds healthcare and pensions.
  • Double taxation agreements: Vietnam has agreements with several countries to avoid double taxation, benefiting expats with income abroad.

Expats staying over 183 days in a calendar year are considered tax residents and must file taxes with the General Department of Taxation.

Metropolitans & attractions

Metropolitans & attractions
Metropolitans & attractions

Major cities

  • Hanoi: Vietnam’s capital, Hanoi, is a charming blend of old and new. Known for its historic Old Quarter, French colonial architecture, and serene Hoan Kiem Lake, Hanoi is a cultural hub. The city boasts attractions such as the Temple of Literature, the Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum, and numerous traditional markets. Hanoi’s street food scene, offering delicacies like pho and banh cuon, is world-renowned. The city’s slower pace compared to Ho Chi Minh City appeals to those seeking a blend of tradition and modernity.
  • Ho Chi Minh City (Saigon): As Vietnam’s largest city, Ho Chi Minh City is a bustling economic and cultural powerhouse. It offers dynamic nightlife, upscale shopping malls, and historical sites like the War Remnants Museum and Cu Chi Tunnels. The Ben Thanh Market and Nguyen Hue Walking Street provide vibrant glimpses into local life. The city’s rapid development makes it a hub for entrepreneurs and expats seeking career opportunities. Its cosmopolitan energy contrasts with traditional Vietnamese charm.
  • Da Nang: Located along the central coast, Da Nang is known for its stunning beaches and modern urban planning. My Khe Beach and the Marble Mountains are key attractions, while the nearby Hoi An Ancient Town adds cultural depth. Da Nang is growing as a tech hub and offers a relaxed lifestyle with affordable living costs. Its friendly community, natural beauty, and modern infrastructure make it increasingly popular among digital nomads and retirees.

Major attractions

Hoi An Ancient Town: This beautifully preserved historic town is famous for its lantern-lit streets, traditional wooden houses, and bustling markets. Visitors enjoy tailoring services, local cuisine, and cultural festivals.
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Ha Long Bay: A UNESCO World Heritage Site, Ha Long Bay features thousands of limestone karsts and islets rising from emerald waters. Visitors can explore the bay via boat tours, kayaking, or overnight cruises.
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Hue: The former imperial capital, Hue, is rich in history and culture. The Citadel, with its Forbidden Purple City, and the Perfume River’s scenic cruises provide glimpses into Vietnam’s royal past.
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Sapa and the Northern Highlands: Known for terraced rice fields, ethnic minority cultures, and stunning mountain vistas, Sapa is ideal for trekking and cultural tourism.
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Metropolitans & attractions

Major attractions

  • Ha Long Bay: A UNESCO World Heritage Site, Ha Long Bay features thousands of limestone karsts and islets rising from emerald waters. Visitors can explore the bay via boat tours, kayaking, or overnight cruises.
  • Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park: Home to some of the world’s largest caves, including Son Doong, this park offers unparalleled opportunities for spelunking and eco-adventures. Its lush jungle and biodiversity attract nature lovers.
  • Hoi An Ancient Town: This beautifully preserved historic town is famous for its lantern-lit streets, traditional wooden houses, and bustling markets. Visitors enjoy tailoring services, local cuisine, and cultural festivals.
  • Hue: The former imperial capital, Hue, is rich in history and culture. The Citadel, with its Forbidden Purple City, and the Perfume River’s scenic cruises provide glimpses into Vietnam’s royal past.
  • Cu Chi Tunnels: An extensive underground network used during the Vietnam War, the Cu Chi Tunnels offer an educational and immersive experience of the country’s recent history.
  • Sapa and the Northern Highlands: Known for terraced rice fields, ethnic minority cultures, and stunning mountain vistas, Sapa is ideal for trekking and cultural tourism.
Population
100 million
Digital nomad visa
Available
Driving side
Right
Calling code
+84
Public Holiday
11 national holidays, including Tet (Lunar New Year)
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